Proof · Investigations and case studies
Has someone else already worked this out?
Two families of proof sit on this page. Investigations are our own analytic journalism; we take a representative artefact and work it out in public against multiple published references. Case studies are publicly documented UK retrofits summarised in plain language, with every figure linked back to the original publishing body so anyone can verify it.
Our own work. Each piece takes a single question a household is trying to answer, and works it out against public data. Every figure either traces to a public reference or is labelled as our estimate with the method shown.
- England, worked example2026Quote teardown
We took a £14,000 heat pump quote apart, line by line
A representative quote for a mid-sized 1930s semi, worked against public installer benchmarks so a reader can see what is doing the work and what is padding.
4 referencesRead the investigation - England, worked example2026EPC audit
Why this EPC got it wrong
A solid-wall Victorian terrace with an EPC of C, and the room the certificate quietly missed; what RdSAP can and cannot see, worked through with the reader.
4 referencesRead the investigation - England, worked example2026Overheating audit
Why this bedroom stayed at 24°C without air conditioning
A west-facing 1930s semi bedroom that read 28°C at three in the morning last August, worked through step by step until it did not.
4 referencesRead the investigation - England, worked example2026Measured vs modelled
The loft insulation reality check
The improvement most EPCs recommend first, worked out honestly against monitored field data rather than modelled savings tables.
4 referencesRead the investigation
Publicly documented UK projects, told as stories in our voice with every figure linked back to the body that published them. Each one names what it can and cannot tell you.
- Nottingham2019Featured
Energiesprong, Nottingham social housing pilot
A whole-house, net-zero retrofit pilot on existing council homes using prefabricated external panels and roof-mounted plant.
Source: EnergiesprongRead the story - England, Scotland and Wales2023Featured
Electrification of Heat demonstration, UK-wide
742 monitored heat pumps installed across the UK housing stock by BEIS/DESNZ; the most comprehensive recent dataset on how heat pumps actually perform in real homes.
Source: DESNZRead the story - Watford2014Featured
Larkfleet Lifestyle House, BRE Innovation Park
A demonstration home at the BRE Innovation Park built to test the cost-effectiveness of taking a typical UK new-build to Passivhaus standard.
Source: BSRIARead the story - England-wide sample2022Featured
Loughborough DEFACTO English housing study
Longitudinal monitoring of temperature, humidity and energy across hundreds of English homes; the empirical basis for the 'one in five bedrooms overheats' figure.
Source: Loughborough DEFACTORead the story - Manchester2022Featured
Co-operative retrofit of a Manchester Victorian terrace
A whole-house deep retrofit of a solid-wall Victorian terrace in Manchester, delivered through Carbon Co-op and published as a worked example.
Source: Carbon Co-opRead the story
Standards, datasets and programmes we cite across the site. Useful, but not story-shaped in the way the featured cases are.
- Greater Manchester2023
People Powered Retrofit, Greater Manchester
A co-operatively delivered programme of deep retrofits across mostly Victorian and Edwardian terraces in Greater Manchester.
Source: Carbon Co-opRead summary - UK-wide2024
Passivhaus Trust EnerPHit project database
An open database of certified Passivhaus and EnerPHit retrofit projects across the UK, each with monitored or modelled performance figures.
Source: Passivhaus TrustRead summary - UK-wide2021
LETI Climate Emergency Retrofit Guide
A widely cited industry guide that defines what 'good' retrofit looks like for UK homes, with worked case studies of every common archetype.
Source: LETIRead summary - UK-wide2022
AECB CarbonLite Retrofit standard
An achievable retrofit standard between baseline UK practice and full EnerPHit, with a library of monitored projects behind it.
Source: AECBRead summary - UK-wide2013
Energy Saving Trust heat pump field trial
The largest UK monitored study of heat pumps installed in real homes, revealing what good and poor installation actually deliver.
Source: ESTRead summary